Summarize the Other Side Before Presenting Your Own

Each person can speak up for himself only after he has first restated the ideas and feelings of the previous speaker accurately, and to that speaker’s satisfaction.

Listen with an intent to understand, and not just with an intent to reply. If you cannot summarize and steel man the other side, then you are probably not seeing things clearly. Approach arguments and problems from first principles and axioms, without priors, and then formulate conclusions, rather than other way around. Have some humility knowing that there are things you do not know.

References

12 Rules for Life by Jordan Peterson

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People by Stephen Covey